Science · Class 10
How do Organisms Reproduce?
Asexual and sexual reproduction; reproductive health and contraception.
4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples
Chapter Overview
Reproduction ensures species continuity — asexual (single parent) and sexual (two parents). Covers fission, budding, fragmentation, regeneration, vegetative propagation, human reproductive system, and reproductive health.
Asexual Reproduction
- Binary fission: Amoeba, bacteria
- Budding: Hydra, yeast
- Fragmentation: Spirogyra
- Vegetative propagation: potato (eyes), rose (cutting), Bryophyllum (leaf buds)
Sexual Reproduction
- Gametes fuse (fertilisation) → zygote
- Human: male and female reproductive organs
- Plants: pollen → stigma → pollen tube → fertilisation
Reproductive Health
- Contraception: barriers, hormonal pills, IUDs
- STDs: AIDS (HIV), syphilis
- Family planning and awareness
Solved Examples
Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.
Budding
Describe budding in Hydra.
- 1Small outgrowth (bud) on parent body
- 2Bud grows, develops tentacles
- 3Detaches as new individual
Answer
Bud forms and separates from parent
Pollination
Difference between self and cross pollination?
- 1Self: pollen to same flower/other flower same plant
- 2Cross: pollen to different plant
- 3Cross increases genetic variation
Answer
Cross pollination between different plants
Key Points to Remember
- ✓ DNA copying essential but not always perfect — variation
- ✓ Placenta nourishes embryo
- ✓ Menstrual cycle ~28 days
Exam Tips
- • Draw labelled human reproductive diagrams
- • Know advantages of sexual vs asexual
- • List contraceptive methods
Practice MCQs — How do Organisms Reproduce?
Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.
Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0
Binary fission occurs in: