Social Science · Class 8
Economics: Sectors
Learn Economics: Sectors with notes, examples, and practice questions.
4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples
Chapter Overview
Economy divides into primary (agriculture, mining), secondary (manufacturing), and tertiary (services) sectors. Understanding sectoral share shows India's development path.
Three Sectors
- Primary: raw materials — farming, fishing, forestry, mining
- Secondary: manufacturing and construction
- Tertiary: trade, transport, banking, education, IT services
Historical Shift
- Early economies primary-heavy
- Industrialisation grows secondary
- Developed economies tertiary-dominated
- India: services largest GDP share now; agriculture still employs most
Organised vs Unorganised
- Organised: registered, rules, benefits
- Unorganised: vast informal sector — low security
- MGNREGA, labour laws protect some workers
- GDP vs employment mismatch across sectors
Solved Examples
Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.
Sector identification
Classify: teacher, coal miner, car factory worker.
- 1Teacher — tertiary (service)
- 2Coal miner — primary
- 3Factory worker — secondary
Answer
Tertiary, primary, secondary respectively
Employment paradox
Why does agriculture employ many but contribute less GDP share?
- 1Low productivity per worker
- 2Many small farmers; services and industry grew faster in output
Answer
Disguised unemployment and low value-add per farm worker
Key Points to Remember
- ✓ Structural change marks development
- ✓ Informal sector needs social protection
- ✓ Not all GDP growth creates equal jobs
- ✓ Education boosts tertiary employment
Exam Tips
- • Define three sectors with examples
- • India's sectoral GDP trend
- • Organised vs unorganised
Practice MCQs — Economics: Sectors
Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.
Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0
Farming is ___ sector.