Social Science · Class 7
Civics: Markets
Learn Civics: Markets with notes, examples, and practice questions.
4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples
Chapter Overview
Markets connect buyers and sellers of goods and services. Weekly markets, shops, malls, and online platforms — understanding how markets work and issues of fairness and regulation.
Types of Markets
- Weekly haats — rural periodic markets
- Shops in neighbourhood; wholesale markets
- Malls and supermarkets; e-commerce
- Labour market — workers sell labour
Chain of Markets
- Farmer → trader → wholesaler → retailer → consumer
- Each link adds transport, storage, profit
- Middlemen may reduce farmer's share
Consumer Rights
- Right to safety, information, choice, redressal
- ISI, AGMARK quality marks
- Consumer courts; COPRA 1986
- Advertising can mislead — be aware
Solved Examples
Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.
Farmer's share
Why do farmers get low price while consumers pay more?
- 1Many middlemen in chain
- 2Transport, storage, processing costs
- 3Farmer has little bargaining power
Answer
Long market chain and weak farmer bargaining power
Consumer right
You bought defective appliance. What can you do?
- 1Ask shop for replacement under warranty
- 2File complaint in consumer forum
Answer
Seek redressal under consumer protection law
Key Points to Remember
- ✓ Markets set prices through supply and demand
- ✓ Not all markets are fair
- ✓ Consumers have legal rights
- ✓ Government regulates weights and measures
Exam Tips
- • Trace journey of vegetable to plate
- • Four consumer rights
- • Difference wholesale and retail
Practice MCQs — Civics: Markets
Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.
Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0
COPRA protects: