R
Rishtaara
Mathematics from Zero
Lesson 12 of 16Article20 min

Word Problems: Translate Then Solve

Word problems feel hard when you jump to arithmetic before naming quantities. First define variables, write relationships in English, then convert to equations.

A translation playbook

Word problems feel hard when you jump to arithmetic before naming quantities. First define variables, write relationships in English, then convert to equations.

  • "Is / equals / results in" → =
  • "More than / total / sum" → +
  • "Less than / difference" → − (order matters: "5 less than x" is x − 5)
  • "Of / times / product" → ×
  • "Per / each / rate" → often division or unit rate
Always state what the variable represents in a sentence: "Let x = the number of adult tickets."

Classic patterns

Age: relate present ages, then add/subtract years for past/future.

Money: price × quantity + price × quantity = total.

Distance: d = vt; if two travellers meet, sum of distances equals the gap.

Mixture: amount of pure ingredient = concentration × volume.

Capstone worked problem

A number increased by 20% becomes 84. Find the number.

Let the number be x. Then 1.2x = 84 → x = 84/1.2 = 70. Check: 20% of 70 is 14; 70+14=84. ✓

What to practise next

You now have arithmetic fluency, fractions/percents, algebra basics, graphs, and a word-problem process. Continue into the next lessons on data, integers depth, and measurement — then take Algebra & Precalculus on the learning path.

  • Drill: 10 mixed linear equations daily until substitution feels automatic.
  • Explain one solved problem out loud — teaching reveals gaps.
  • When stuck, simplify numbers first, then restore the real values.