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Rishtaara
Social Science · Class 6

History: Early Societies

Learn History: Early Societies with notes, examples, and practice questions.

4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples

Chapter Overview

Early societies transitioned from hunting-gathering to farming, forming villages, chiefdoms, and first cities. NCERT explores how archaeology reveals social organisation, beliefs, and livelihoods.

From Hunters to Herders

  • Palaeolithic: stone tools, nomadic bands
  • Neolithic revolution: domestication of plants and animals
  • Pottery, permanent settlements, surplus food

First Cities

  • Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, Indus Valley
  • Specialisation: priests, craftsmen, rulers
  • Writing, trade, and monuments

Social Organisation

  • Kinship and clan ties in early villages
  • Emergence of inequality with surplus
  • Religion and burial practices as historical sources

Solved Examples

Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.

Neolithic change

How did agriculture change human society?

  1. 1Surplus food supported larger populations
  2. 2Specialised jobs — potter, weaver, priest
  3. 3Led to villages and cities

Answer

Enabled settlements, surplus, and specialisation

Archaeology

What do burial sites tell historians?

  1. 1Grave goods show status and beliefs
  2. 2Different treatment of bodies suggests inequality

Answer

Social rank and religious ideas

Key Points to Remember

  • Agriculture was a turning point in history
  • Early cities needed organisation and trade
  • Archaeology studies tools, bones, buildings
  • Writing appeared in complex societies

Exam Tips

  • Difference between Palaeolithic and Neolithic
  • Name two early civilizations
  • How do historians use pottery?

Practice MCQs — History: Early Societies

Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.

Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0

Neolithic age marked by: