Science · Class 8
Crop Production and Management
Agricultural practices, irrigation, manure, fertilisers, and storage of grains.
4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples
Chapter Overview
India is an agricultural country. This chapter covers preparation of soil, sowing, manures and fertilisers, irrigation, weeding, harvesting, storage, and animal husbandry.
Agricultural Practices
- Tilling/ploughing loosens soil for aeration and roots
- Sowing: quality seeds, proper depth, spacing
- Manure (organic) vs fertiliser (chemical) — manure improves soil structure
- Crop rotation maintains fertility
Irrigation and Protection
- Traditional: moat, chain pump, dhekli; modern: sprinklers, drip
- Weeding removes unwanted plants competing for nutrients
- Pesticides kill pests; use judiciously
Harvest and Storage
- Harvesting: manual or combine harvester
- Winnowing separates grain from chaff
- Storage: dry grains in silos; fumigation against pests
Solved Examples
Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.
Crop seasons
Name kharif and rabi crops with examples.
- 1Kharif: monsoon season — rice, maize, cotton
- 2Rabi: winter — wheat, gram, pea
- 3Sowing times differ
Answer
Kharif: rice, maize | Rabi: wheat, gram
Manure vs fertiliser
Why is manure better long-term than only chemical fertiliser?
- 1Adds humus and improves soil texture
- 2Fertiliser gives quick nutrients but no humus
- 3Excess fertiliser pollutes water
Answer
Manure improves soil structure and fertility
Key Points to Remember
- ✓ Organic farming avoids synthetic chemicals
- ✓ Animal husbandry: cattle, poultry, fish farming
- ✓ Green revolution increased food production
Exam Tips
- • List steps from soil preparation to storage
- • Distinguish kharif and rabi crops
- • Compare manure and fertiliser
Practice MCQs — Crop Production and Management
Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.
Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0
Ploughing helps in: