Science · Class 8
Conservation of Plants and Animals
Deforestation, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and endemic species.
4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples
Chapter Overview
Deforestation, habitat loss, and species extinction threaten biodiversity. This chapter covers wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves, endemic and migratory species, and red data book.
Threats to Biodiversity
- Deforestation: agriculture, logging, urbanisation
- Habitat destruction endangers species
- Poaching and pollution
Protected Areas
- Wildlife sanctuary: protect fauna; limited human activity
- National park: protect entire ecosystem — no grazing
- Biosphere reserve: conservation + research + sustainable use (e.g. Sundarbans, Pachmarhi)
Endemic and Migratory
- Endemic: found only in particular area (Indian giant squirrel in Pachmarhi)
- Migratory birds: Siberian crane at Bharatpur
- Red Data Book lists endangered species
Solved Examples
Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.
Protected area
Distinguish wildlife sanctuary and national park.
- 1Sanctuary: mainly animal protection
- 2National park: whole ecosystem, stricter rules
- 3No livestock grazing in national parks
Answer
Sanctuary — fauna focus | Park — full ecosystem
Endemic species
What is an endemic species? Give Indian example.
- 1Found only in specific geographic area
- 2Indian giant squirrel in Madhya Pradesh
- 3Vulnerable if habitat lost
Answer
Species restricted to one region
Key Points to Remember
- ✓ Project Tiger launched 1973
- ✓ Flora and fauna of region must be protected together
- ✓ Reforestation restores habitat
Exam Tips
- • Name biosphere reserves in India
- • Why is Red Data Book important?
- • Explain causes of deforestation
Practice MCQs — Conservation of Plants and Animals
Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.
Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0
Endemic species is found: