Social Science · Class 4
Constitution Basics
Learn Constitution Basics with notes, examples, and practice questions.
4 sections15–25 min read6 MCQs · 2 examples
Chapter Overview
The Constitution is India's supreme law — adopted 26 November 1949, effective 26 January 1950. It establishes democracy, fundamental rights, duties, and the structure of government.
Making of the Constitution
- Drafting Committee chaired by Dr B.R. Ambedkar
- Borrowed from many constitutions; adapted to India
- Preamble states ideals: Justice, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
Key Features
- Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
- Fundamental Rights (Part III) — justiciable
- Directive Principles (Part IV) — guidelines for state
- Fundamental Duties (Part IVA) — added 1976
Institutions
- Parliament — legislature; President — head of state
- Supreme Court — guardian of Constitution
- Separation of powers among legislature, executive, judiciary
Solved Examples
Step-by-step solutions — read each step before checking the final answer.
Preamble
What four ideals are in the Preamble?
- 1Justice — social, economic, political
- 2Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
Answer
Justice, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
Republic
What does 'Republic' mean in the Preamble?
- 1Head of state elected, not hereditary monarch
- 2President elected indirectly
Answer
Elected head of state — not a king/queen
Key Points to Remember
- ✓ Constitution is longest written constitution
- ✓ 26 January is Republic Day
- ✓ Ambedkar is chief architect
- ✓ Constitution can be amended by Parliament
Exam Tips
- • Memorise Preamble
- • List six Fundamental Rights
- • Difference between Rights and Duties
Practice MCQs — Constitution Basics
Test your understanding with topic-wise multiple choice questions. Explanations appear after each answer.
Question 1 of 6Score: 0/0
Constitution came into force: